119. 5. SI JEUNE ENCORE; jeune refers of course to the subject; Hugo was twenty-two when Léopoldine was born. "O SOUVENIRS! PRINTEMPS! AURORE!" Villequier, Sept. 4, 1846; from les Contemplations. Notice the date.
120. 2. MONTLIGNON, Saint-Leu, small places just out of Paris to the north.
121. ARIOSTE, Ariosto (1474-1533), a famous Italian poet, author of Orlando Furioso. "DEMAIN, DÈS L'AUBE." Sept. 3, 1847; from les Contemplations. Notice the date. 21. DEMAIN, i.e. the anniversary of his daughter's death.
122. 2. HARFLEUR, a small town on the Channel coast, a few miles from Havre, near the mouth of the Seine. VENI, VIDI, VIXI. April, 1848; from les Contemplations.
123. LE CHANT DE CEUX QUI S'EN VONT SUR MER. Dated: En mer, 1er août, 1852. This and the next following poems, from les Châtiments, are the expression of the poet's hatred for Napoleon III. This volume was the direct fruit of his exile in consequence of his determined opposition to the imperial ambitions of Napoleon. He had been active in trying to organize resistance after the coup d'état, and with difficulty had evaded arrest and escaped to Brussels. After the publication of his denunciatory volume, Napoléon le Petit, the Belgian government expelled him. and he took refuge first in England, whence he passed immediately to the island of Jersey, where he arrived on the fifth of August, 1852. In 1855 residence in Jersey was forbidden him and he removed to Guernsey, where he continued to reside till the downfall of Napoleon I.
124. LUNA. July, 1853. 23. L'AN QUATRE-VINGT-ONZE, 1791, the beginning of the French Revolution.
126. LE CHASSEUR NOIR. September, 1853. 27. SAINT ANTOINE; Saint Anthony (250-356) was a native of Upper Egypt, withdrew to the desert, and gave his life up to ascetic devotion in solitude and voluntary poverty. Legend represents him as beset by tempting demons.
128. LUX. December, 1853. 9. Capets; the kings of France from the accession of Hugh Capet in 987 to that of the house of Valois with Philip VI. in 1328 were Capets.
129. ULTIMA VERBA. December, 1853. 4. Mandrin, a notorious bandit, executed in 1755.
130. 3. Louvre, see note p. 318. 22. Sylla, see note p. 319. CHANSON. "Proscrit, regarde les roses." May, 1854; from les Quatre Vents de l'esprit, livre lyrique. Concerning the inexact rhyme semai: mai, rare with Hugo, see Revue politique et littéraire, July 16, 1881.