1837.—Wood (Eng.) discovers sources of the Oxus.
1840.—Trümmer discovers remains of ancient Nineveh.
1841.—Sir James C. Ross (Eng.) discovers Victoria Land, with volcanoes Erebus and Terror.
1841-73.—D. Livingstone (Scot.) spends thirty years’ travel in central South Africa.
1845.—Sir John Franklin (Eng.) sails on his last voyage never to return.
1848.—Rebmann and Krapf (Ger.) discover Mt. Kilima-njaro. Sighted Mt. Kenia.
1849-55.—Richardson and Barth (Eng.-Ger.) explore western Sudan and Sahara.
1850.—Sir R. M’Clure (Irish) discovers Northwest Passage.
1852-4, 1861.—Sir C. R. Markham (Eng.) makes explorations in Peru.
1856-59.—Du Chaillu (Fr.) explores basin of Ogowé river, west Africa.