916 Ordoño II of Leon defeats army sent to avenge a raid he has made two years previously.
918 Brilliant victory of Abd ar-Rahman over Ordoño and Sancho I of Navarre. Abd ar-Rahman penetrates as far as Pamplona.
921 Ordoño invades the Moslem territory as far as Cordova. Defeat of Ordoño at battle of Val de Junquera.
923 Sancho captures Viguera. Death of Ordoño II enables Abd ar-Rahman to complete work of internal organisation.
929 Abd ar-Rahman assumes title of caliph.
934 Ramiro II of Leon, having restored peace in his kingdom, resumes war on the Moors. Defeat of the Moors at Simancas.
939 Great defeat of the Moors at Alhandega, but Ramiro is compelled to abandon operations against the Moors by his quarrel with the count of Castile.
950 The death of Ramiro enabling Abd ar-Rahman to win many victories.
960 The caliph restores the deposed Sancho I to the throne of Leon.
961 Death of Abd ar-Rahman. His son, Al-Hakam II, succeeds. He is a great book collector and patron of literature. The most notable event of his reign is the rise of Mohammed Ibn abi Amir.