El Padre Enrique Flórez, historian, archæologist, theologian, and numismatist, was born at Valladolid in 1701, and entered the order of St. Augustine in his fifteenth year. His España Sagrada is the work most usefully consulted in studying the history and antiquities of Spain, containing, as it does, so many documents, notices and illustrations bearing on the subject, and greatly valued for the high critical faculty and scrupulous care exhibited by its author. Flórez left also works on theology and a treatise on botany and the natural sciences. He was corresponding member of the French Academy of inscriptions and belles-lettres, and enjoyed the friendship of many prominent men of his age. He died in 1773.
Forneron, Histoire de Philippe II, Paris, 1881-1882, 4 vols.—Forster, J., Chronicle of James I, translated from the Catalan, London, 1883, 2 vols.—Foulché-Delbosc, R., Bibliographie des voyages en Espagne et en Portugal, Paris, 1896.—Foy, M. S., Histoire de la guerre de la péninsule sous Napoléon, Paris, 1827, 4 vols.—Froissart, John, Chroniques de France, d’Angleterre, d’Écosse, d’Espagne, de Bretagne, Paris, 1869-1888, 8 vols. (trans. T. Johnes, London, 1857, 2 vols.).—Froude, J. A., The Spanish Story of the Armada, 1892.
Gachard, L. P., Correspondance de Philippe II sur les affaires des Pays-Bas, Brussels, 1848-1879, 5 vols.; Retraite et mort de Charles Quint, 1854-1855; Don Carlos et Philippe II, Brussels, 1863, 1867, 2 vols.; Relations des Ambassadeurs Vénitiens sur Charles V et Philippe II.
Louis Prosper Gachard, the Belgian historian, born at Paris in 1800, died at Brussels, 1885, was keeper of the Belgian archives, to which appointment he succeeded in 1826. Besides putting in order the existing archives he greatly added to the documents contained in them and caused researches to be made throughout Europe for papers which might throw light on Belgian history. His works are valued both for their impartial historical spirit and their literary style as well as for the fresh light they throw on the periods with which they deal.
Gallenga, A., Iberian Reminiscences, 1883, 2 vols.—Garcia, J. C., Castilla y Leon durante los reinados de Pedro I, Enrique II, Juan I, Enrique III, Madrid, 1891.—Gardiner, S. R., Narrative of the Spanish Marriage Treaty, Spanish and English, London, 1859; Prince Charles and the Spanish Marriage, 1617-1623, London, 1869, 2 vols.—Garibay y Zamálloa, E., Los quarenta libros del compendio historial de las chrónicas y universal historia de España, Antwerp, 1571, Barcelona, 1628, 4 vols.
Esteban de Garibay y Zamálloa (1525-1599) was appointed by Philip II as chronicler of his reign. He was a laborious collector of historical information, who, though extremely credulous, served to some extent as a model to Mariana and other historians.
Gayangos, P. de, History of the Mohammedan dynasties in Spain, London, 1840, 2 vols.; Historia de los reyes de Granada, Paris, 1842; Cartas del Cardinal Cisneros, Madrid, 1867; Cartas y relaciones de Hernan Cortes al emperador Carlos V, Paris, 1870.—Gebhardt, Historia general de España, Barcelona, 1897, 7 vols.—Geddes, M., Wars of the Commons of Castile in the reign of Charles V, 1730.—George, A., Memoirs of the Queens of Spain, London, 1850.—Gibbon, E., Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, London, 1853.—Giovio, P., Historia sui temporis 1494-1547, Florence, 1548, 2 vols.—Godoy, M., Mémoires, Paris, 1839-1841, 6 vols.; partial translation, London, 1836, 2 vols.—Gómez de Arteche y Moro, J., Guerra de la independencia 1808-1814, Madrid, 1868-1883, 5 vols.; Historia del Reinado de Carlos IV, Madrid, 1893.
General José Gómez de Arteche y Moro was born at Madrid in 1821 and entered the artillery in 1840. He took an active part in the events of July, 1856, siding with O’Donnell. He was under-secretary in the ministry of war in 1865 and 1868, and in 1878 became aide-de-camp to Alfonso XII. In 1885 he was elected senator for Guipuzcoa.
Gonsalez, T., Apuntamientos para la historia del rey Don Felipe Segundo por lo tocante á sus relaciones con la rein a Isabel de Inglaterra.—Grabinski, J. de, Amédée de Savoie, duc d’Aoste, roi d’Espagne.—Graetz, H., Geschichte der Juden, Berlin and Leipsic, 1853-1870, 11 vols.; 1888-1889, 3 vols.—Granvella, Cardinal A. P., Papiers d’état du Cardinal Granvella in Collection des documents inédits sur l’histoire de France, Paris, 1841-1861, 9 vols.; Correspondance du Cardinal Granvella, 1565-1586, Brussels, 1878-1892, 9 vols.—Guardia, J. M., La cour de Rome et l’église d’Espagne.—Guerra, Caida y ruina del imperio visigótico, Madrid, 1883.—Guizot, F. P. G., Un projet de mariage royal, 1863.—Guzman, F. Perez de, Crónica del serenissimo principe, Don Juan II, Logroño, 1517, Valencia, 1779.