JOUTER, faire des joutes, Fr. To run a tilt at one another with lances.
JOUST. See [Just].
IRAN, Ind. Persia.
IRENARCH, (Irenarque, Fr.) An officer, so called in the old Grecian empire, irenarcha præfectus pacis. His principal duty was to preserve public tranquillity, and his functions were nearly similar to those of the French prévots de maréchaussées, or police magistrates. We read in the Justinian code of laws, that the irenarchs were sent into the different provinces, for the purpose of preserving peace and good order. They were therefore invested with authority to take cognizance of all crimes and misdemeanors, and to punish the delinquents. There was likewise an irenarch established in every town, to settle the disputes and differences which might arise between the inhabitants, and to secure public tranquillity. This person was anciently called præfectus urbis. The office of irenarch was abolished under the Emperors Theodosius and Honorius, it having latterly been found more productive of evil than good. The word itself is derived from the Greek, and signifies Prince of Peace.
IRREGULAR Fortification. See [Fortification].
IRON Guns. See [Guns].
IRONS. See Priming Irons.
ISLAUD, Ind. A term to express slow music among the Indians.
ISOCELES, a triangle having only two sides which are equal.
ISOLE, Fr. This word is used among the French, to express any body or thing which is detached from another. It is variously applied in fortification. Thus a pavillion or a barrack which is not joined to any other wall or building is called isolé, because it stands alone, and a person may walk entirely round it. A parapet is also said to be isolé, when there is an interval of four or five feet between the rampart and its wall; which interval serves as a path for the rounds.