5. If the same word is used as an adjective and as an adverb separate entries are generally made. But in the case of such words as más, mucho, poco, tanto and todo the meanings are grouped under one heading, because the distinction between the parts of speech in idiomatic phrases is at best a shadowy one, and because the list of idioms is lengthy.
6. Proper nouns are translated only when the same or similar names exist in English.
7. The language to which a foreign word belongs is indicated by an abbreviation unless a reference to the notes follows.
8. References to the notes are limited to certain stage directions and to cases where for special reasons the meaning is not given in the vocabulary.
9. Reflexive verbs are treated variously. If a verb occurs both in its simple and in its reflexive form the translation of the simple form alone is given if the reflexive can be rendered by the English reflexive or by the passive. Otherwise both forms are translated. If a verb occurs only in the reflexive the simple form is not indicated unless it is essential to comprehension of the real meaning or to the avoidance of misunderstanding.
10. Idioms and phrases of various kinds are grouped in alphabetical order varied only in a few cases where one expression seems to belong naturally near another. Under verbs, forms containing the simple infinitive are given first; then come forms with the infinitive and reflexive, and last those where the verb is conjugated.
11. Wherever the word 'to' is merely 'a sign of the infinitive,' it is omitted.
VOCABULARY
A
a to, at, after, by, on, upon, according to, in, for, with, from;
not translated before personal direct object;
— no fiar tanto if he did not rely so much;
al + inf. = in, on, upon, while, etc. + pres. part. or a dependent clause with finite verb;
al pasar in passing, when you pass;
for meanings of numerous phrases and expressions containing
a, see Notes and other headings in this vocabulary
abatido, -a dejected, downcast
abatimiento m. dejection
abdicación f. renunciation
abierto, -a (from abrir) open;
—a opening into;
— de par en par wide open
ablandarse be softened, relent
abrazado, -a embracing;
see abrazar
abrazar embrace;
see abrazado
abrir open
abstenerse de refrain from
abstuviera see abstener
abuelo m. grandfather
abusar abuse;
— de abuse, presume upon
acabar end, finish;
— por end by;
acabo de + inf. I have just...
Academia f. Academy
acampar take quarters, take lodgings
acariciar caress
acaso perhaps;
si — well, perhaps
acción f. action
acepción f. acceptation, opinion, belief
aceptable acceptable
aceptar accept
acerca de about, concerning
acercarse approach
acertado, -a right, correct, proper;
andar — be right;
see acertar
acertar hit the mark, succeed;
see acertado
aciago, -a melancholy, sad
aclarar make clear
acobardarse become frightened, flinch
acoger receive;
—se a resort to
acomodarse a adapt oneself to, put up with
acompañamiento m. retinue
acompañar accompany, go with
aconsejar advise
acordarse (de) remember
acostaos (acostad + os)
acostarse lie down, go to bed
acostumbrar be accustomed;
—se accustom oneself, become accustomed
acreditar accredit, prove
actitud f. attitude
acto m. act
actor m. actor
actuación f. operation, proceeding
actual actual, present
actualmente actually, at present
acudir come;
— a come to, repair to, attend, have recourse to, resort to
acuerdo m. agreement;
de — con in agreement or accordance with;
estar de — be agreed, agree;
ponerse de — come to an agreement
acusar (de) accuse (of);
— de + adj. accuse (someone) of being
adaptar adapt
adecuado, -a suited
adelantado, -a advanced;
por — in advance
adelante ahead, forward, onward;
¡—! come in!;
más — further on, later;
salir — get out, emerge, escape;
seguir — go ahead, advance
ademán m. gesture, manner
además besides
adeudado, -a indebted, owed;
todo lo — all that is due
adiestrar train
admirable admirable
admirablemente admirably
admiración f. admiration;
admiraciones admiration, admiring remarks
admirar admire, wonder at
admitir admit, allow
Adonis m. Adonis (according to classical mythology, a beautiful youth; used as a type of masculine beauty)
adoptar adopt
adoptivo, -a adoptive, adopted
adorable adorable
adorar adore, worship
adquieren see adquirir
adquirir acquire, gain, secure
aduana f. customhouse
advertencia f. notice, warning
advertir notify, give notice, warn
advierta see advertir
adviert-o, -e see advertir
afán m. anxiety, eagerness;
tener tanto — be so eager
afectísimo, -a most affectionate, very affectionate, most sincere
afecto m. affection, feeling
aficionarse de become fond of
afirmar affirm, declare;
—se hold fast, take a firm hold
afortunadamente fortunately
afrentoso, -a ignominious
agasajar entertain
agasajo m. entertainment
agradecer be grateful or thankful for, thank, thank for
agradezcan see agradecer
agrado m. agreeableness, pleasure
agravio m. offense, insult, wrong
agrisado, -a grayish
agua f. water;
tomar las —s take the waters
aguantar endure, stand, put up with
aguardar await, wait for
agudeza f. sharpness, wittiness
aguileño, -a aquiline
¡ah! ah! oh!
¡— de la hostería!
¡— de la gente! etc. hallo there, hotel! hallo there, people! etc.
ahí there, here;
de — from there, from that situation
ahora now, presently;
de — of the present (moment);
hasta — till now; we'll see you again presently;
— mismo this very minute
ahorrar save, spare
airado, -a angry, furious;
mano airada assault and battery
aire m. air, demeanor;
darse —s put on airs
ajustar adjust, regulate
ala f. wing
alabanza f. praise, eulogy;
propia — self-praise
alargar lengthen, extend;
—se be prolonged;
—se en palabras say or talk too much
alargues see alargar
alarmar alarm
albergar lodge, shelter
alboroto m. disturbance, excitement, tumult
alcance m. reach;
al — de in or within reach of
aldabón m. large knocker, knocker (of a door)
aldeano, -a belonging to a village, rustic
alegrarse rejoice, be glad;
¡cuánto me alegro! how glad I am!
alegre gay, happy, joyous
alegría f. joy, gayety
algo something, anything; somewhat;
— de some, a certain amount of;
en — to some extent;
cobrarle a uno en — collect something from somebody;
para — for some purpose;
por — for some reason
alguacil m. constable
alguacilillo m. (dim. of alguacil) little constable, petty constable
alguien somebody, someone
algún, alguno, -a some, any;
alguna vez occasionally, now and then;
algunas veces sometimes;
— pron. some, someone
aliado m. ally
alimentar feed, nourish, support
aliviar relieve
alma f. soul, heart
almuerzo m. breakfast, lunch (first substantial meal of the day)
alondra f. lark
alrededor around, about;
a vuestro — around you
alterado, -a disturbed, wrought up; see alterar
alterar alter, change;
—se be stirred up, be disturbed; see alterado
altísimo, -a most lofty, very lofty
altivo, -a lofty, noble
alto, -a high, tall, eminent, upper;
en — on high
¡alto! halt!
altura f. height
alumno m. pupil, student
allegado m. friend, ally
allegado, -a related;
muy — closely related
allí there
amable amiable, sweet, kind
amanecer dawn;
al — at dawn
amante m. lover
amante loving
amantísimo, -a most loving, most affectionate
amar love
amargura f. bitterness
ambición f. ambition
ambicioso, -a ambitious
amenazar threaten;
— con + inf. threaten to
ameno, -a pleasing, delightful
amenudo often
amiga f. friend
amigo m. friend
amigote m. (aug. of amigo) dear friend, fine friend (ironical)
amistad f. friendship;
músicos y poetas de mi — musicians and poets of my acquaintance
amistosamente in a friendly manner
amo m. master
amoldarse a shape oneself to, conform to
amor love;
—es love affairs, love;
— propio self-love, self-esteem
amoroso, -a loving, affectionate, gentle
ampararse de shelter oneself in, take refuge in
amparo m. protection
amplio, -a ample, broad
ancho, -a broad
andanza f. event;
tristes —s bad fortune
andar go, walk, move; be;
— acertado be right;
— discreto be considerate;
no — con rodeos be too out-spoken, take too many liberties
andrajo m. rag, tatter
anduviera see andar
anduvimos see andar
angustia f. anguish, affliction
angustioso, -a tormenting, distressing
animal m. animal
animarse become animated or enlivened
animus (Lat.) spirit;
— belli war-like spirit
aniñar make childish
anoche last night
ante before;
— todo before all, above all
antecámara f. anteroom
antes adv. first, before, formerly, rather;
— que rather than;
— que todo first of all, above all;
— de prep. before;
— (de) que conj. before
anticipar anticipate;
—se a anticipate, forestall
Anticristo m. Antichrist
antiguo, -a ancient, old,
former; de — of old
antipático, -a disagreeable, unpleasant, repellent
antitético, -a antithetical, opposed
antítesis f. antithesis, contrast
antojarse take it into one's head, take a notion to;
a nuestros padres se les antoja our fathers take it into their heads
antología f. anthology
antorcha f. torch
anuncio m. announcement, advertisement
año m. year;
a los catorce —s at the age of fourteen years
apagar extinguish, allow to die away
aparecer appear
aparición f. appearance
aparte aside;
— de aside from
apasionarse become impassioned or excited;
— por become impassioned at, be enthusiastic about
apedrear stone, throw stones at
apenas adv. hardly, scarcely;
conj. scarcely, as soon as
aplazamiento m. postponement
apocado, -a low-spirited, discouraged
Apocalipsis m. Apocalypse
apogeo m. (greatest) height
aposento m. room, apartment
apreciar appreciate, esteem, value
apremiar press
aprender learn
apresurarse hurry, make haste, hasten
aprovechar profit by;
—se de take advantage of, profit by
aptitud f. aptitude, quality
apto, -a apt, fit, suited
apuesto, -a elegant, spruce
apurar exhaust
apuro m. want, trouble, affliction
aquel, -la that, former
aqu-él, -élla, -ello that one, the one, the former, that
aquí here;
por — over here, this way;
he — behold, here is
aquilatar examine, weigh
arboleda f. grove
arcaico, -a archaic
Aretino m. see note [47.1]
Arlequín m. Harlequin see page 119
arma f. arm, weapon;
dar —s a give arms to, give a handle to, play into the hands of
armado, -a armed;
a mano armada with arms, with violence
aroma m. perfume
arrastrar drag;
—se crawl
arreglar arrange
arreglo m. arrangement
arriba above, upstairs;
hacia — upward;
los de — those above;
para — and upward
arriesgar risk, venture
arrojar throw
arruinar ruin
arte m. (pl. f.) art, artistry, skill;
comedia del Arte see page 118
artificio m. workmanship, craft, artifice, pretense;
fuegos de — fireworks
asado m. roast
asaltar assault;
— a mano armada assault with arms, commit assault and battery upon
asegurar assure, assert, affirm;
—se make sure;
—se de assure oneself of, make sure of
asesinar murder, commit murder
asesino m. assassin, murderer
así adv. so, thus, of such a nature;
conj. even if;
un vestido — such a dress;
— como just like
asiento m. seat, bench, stop;
hacer — make a stop or halt
asistir a attend, be present at, witness
aspiración f. aspiration, ambition
aspirar aspire
astucia f. cunning
asunto m. matter, subject, affair, thing;
— concluido the matter is settled
asustar frighten, startle
atajar intercept, stop
atavío m. adornment, finery
atención f. attention;
llamar la — attract attention;
llamar más la — attract greater attention
atender a attend to, serve, heed
atenerse a abide by, stick to, depend upon
atento, -a attentive, courteous, polite
atractivo m. attraction, charm
atraer attract
atrapar catch
atreverse dare, venture;
— a mucho dare (to do) a great deal;
— a tanto dare (to do) so much, venture upon so much;
— contra dare to oppose;
see atrevido
atrevido, -a bold, daring;
see atreverse
atrevimiento m. boldness, daring, audacity
atributo m. attribute
atropellar trample upon, do violence to
atropello m. abuse, violence;
see atropellar
audaz bold
audiencia f. audience, hearing
auditorio m. audience
aumentar increase, grow
aumento m. increase
aun or aún yet, still, even, still more
aunque although, even if
aurora f. dawn
ausencia f. absence
ausentarse absent oneself, go away
automóvil m. automobile
autor m. author
autoridad f. authority
auxilio m. help, aid
avance see avanzar
avanzar advance, proceed, go ahead
avariento, -a miserly;
¡viejo —! old miser!
avaro, -a avaricious, niggardly;
un viejo — an old miser
avenencia f. agreement, compromise
aventajar surpass
aventura f. adventure
aventurero m. adventurer
avergonzarse de be ashamed of, blush for
averiguar investigate, find out
avestruz m. ostrich
avisar inform, notify
aviso m. notice, warning
avispar rouse, spur;
se va avispando he is becoming lively or clever
¡ay! oh! alas!
aya f. governess
ayer yesterday;
— por la tarde yesterday afternoon
azaroso, -a hazardous, dangerous
azul blue