Heath's Modern Language Series: Tres Comedias / Sin querer; De pequenas causas...; Los intereses creados

by Jacinto Benavente

B

bagaje m. baggage
¡bah! bah! pshaw!
bailar dance
bailarín m. dancer
baile m. dance, ball
bajar go down, come down, descend;
lower;
go toward the front of the stage
bajeza f. meanness, vileness
bajito, -a (dim. of bajo) short
bajo, -a low, despicable, vile
bajo adv. meanly, humbly;
prep. under
balbuceo m. stammering, stuttering;
fingir —s pretend to stammer (as if speaking like a child)
balcón m. balcony
balumba f. heap, pile, bulk
banda f. sash, scarf
bandido m. bandit
bandolero m. highwayman
Baralipton see note [93.2]
barato, -a cheap
barba f. beard
Barbara see note [93.2]
bárbaro, -a barbarous, barbaric
barbilindo m. well-shaved, well-groomed or effeminate man, milksop
base f. basis, foundation
bastante enough, sufficiently, very, much;
lo — enough, sufficiently
bastar suffice, be enough;
—le a uno con be satisfied to;
me basta con I'm satisfied to;
¡basta! enough!
¡basta de! enough of!
—se be sufficient unto oneself
batalla f. battle;
dar la — start the battle or struggle, cast the die
beber drink
bellaco m. rogue, swindler
bellacón m. (aug. of bellaco) big rogue, scoundrel
belleza f. beauty
belli (Lat.) of war;
animus — war-like spirit
bello, -a beautiful
bergante m. ruffian
besar kiss
Biblia f. Bible
bien m. good, welfare;
—es property, wealth
Bien adv. well;
— os está por you're in a fine fix for;
más — rather
blanca f. mite (name of old copper coin);
estar sin — be penniless;
sin soltar — without spending or paying a cent
blanco, -a white;
poner lo — negro make white seem black
blasfemia f. blasphemy
bobo m. fool
boceto m. sketch
boda f. wedding, marriage;
—s nuptials, wedding, marriage
Bolonia f. Bologna
bombarda f. bombard (an ancient piece of artillery)
bondad f. goodness, kindness
bondadoso, -a kind, generous
bonito, -a pretty, attractive, fine
borrar strike out, blot out, erase;
lo borrado what is blotted out
borrón m. blot
botarate m. madcap, booby
botella f. bottle
bravo, -a brave, severe, rude, forceful;
acogerse a lo — resort to force or violence
brazo m. arm
breve brief, short
bribón m. rogue, rascal
brillante brilliant
broma f. joke;
echarlo a — make a joke of it
buen(o), -a good, kind;
de buenas a primeras suddenly;
¡buena la hicisteis! that's a fine thing you've done!
¡ésta es buena! that's a good one!
¡bum! ¡bum! ¡bum! boom! boom! boom! (imitation of sound of artillery)
burla f. scoffing, mockery, jest, joke, fun;
de — in jest, in fun;
estar para —s be in a mood for jokes
burlar outwit, evade;
—se make fun;
—se de make fun of
burlón, -ona mocking, mischievous
busca f. search, pursuit;
en — de in search of;
en — nuestra in search of us
buscar look for, seek;
ir a — go to seek, go for
busquemos see buscar

C

cabalgadura f. mount, beast
caballero m. gentleman, nobleman, sir
cabeza f. head
cabizbajo, -a with bowed head, crestfallen
cabo m. end;
llevar a — carry out, complete, fulfil
cada each, every;
de — parte on each side;
— uno each one, every one
cadena f. chain
caer fall;
— en fall into;
— sobre fall upon, chance upon
café m. café
calidad f. quality, position, rank;
dama de — lady of distinction, distinguished lady;
persona de — person of distinction
calma f. calm, calmness
calumniar calumniate, slander
callar be silent, become silent, keep silent
calle f. street
cambiar change, exchange
cambio m. change, exchange;
casa de — money exchange;
en — on the other hand
camino m. road, highroad, way;
de — on the way, in the course of events;
la fruta del — the fruit on the wayside;
llevar mejor — follow a better course
camisero m. haberdasher, men's clothier
campo m. field, country;
field (of political activity);
Campos Negros Black Fields (name of an imaginary place)
canción f. song
cansancio m. weariness, fatigue
cansar weary, tire;
—se get tired
cantar sing
cantor m. singer
capaz capable
capitán m. captain
capítulo m. chapter, article, heading
capricho m. caprice, fancy, whim
caprichoso, -a capricious, whimsical, changeable
cara f. face;
mirarte a la — look at your face
¡caracoles! hallo! is that so!
carácter m. character, quality
carecer de lack, be without
cargado, -a charged, weighed down, full
cargo m. burden, load, charge, duty;
a — de in the hands of;
a tu — in your charge or hands;
a mi — corre it is my affair or duty
caricatura f. caricature
cariño m. affection, love
cariñoso, -a affectionate
Carlos m. Charles
carne f. meat;
— de horca, gallows bird
carnero m. sheep, mutton
caro, -a dear, expensive, costly
caro adv. dearly, at a high price
carrera f. career
carro m. cart, car
carroza f. carriage, coach
carta f. letter;
— de crédito letter of credit, credential;
por — by letter
cartera f. (ministerial) portfolio
cartón m. pasteboard, card-board
casa f. house, home;
— de cambio money exchange;
— de misericordia almshouse;
a — de to the house or home of;
en — at home
casadero, -a marriageable
casar marry off, unite in marriage, marry;
—se con marry;
¡a casaros! get married!
casi almost
casita f. (dim. of casa) small house, cottage
caso m. case, matter, fact, circumstance, situation;
el — es que the fact is that;
en ese — in that case;
en este — in this case;
para el — under the circumstances;
creerse en el — de think oneself called upon to;
hacer — care;
hacer — a pay attention to (a person)
castellano, -a Castilian, Spanish
castigar punish
castigo m. punishment
castigu-e, -éis see castigar
castillo m. castle
casualidad f. chance, accident;
da la — it happens by chance, chance has it
catorce fourteen;
a los — años at the age of fourteen years
caución f. surety, security
caudal m. fortune, wealth, property, treasure, stock, supply
causa f. cause, reason;
por mi — on my account;
hacer —
con make common cause with, join
causar cause
cayó see caer
ceder yield, give up
cédula f. slip of paper, paper
Celare see page 93, note 2
celebrar celebrate
celo m. zeal, ardor
cena f. supper
Cenicienta f. Cinderella
centro m. center
ceñudo, -a frowning
cerrar close, shut
cielo m. sky, heaven, heavens
ciencia f. science
cierto, -a certain, sure, true;
por — certainly;
¿conque era —? so it was true?
¡no es —! it isn't so!
un — a certain
cierto adv. certainly
cigarro m. cigarette
cinco five
cincuenta fifty
cinematógrafo m. moving-picture show
circulación f. circulation
circunstancia f. circumstance
ciudad f. city
clamar cry out
clamor m. outcry
claramente clearly
clarín m. clarion, bugle
claro, -a clear, bright, radiant;
— que it is clear that, clearly
claro adv. clearly
clase f. class;
— de español class in Spanish
clásico, -a classical
cobrar collect, receive, obtain, get;
—le a uno en algo collect something from somebody;
—se rehabilitate oneself
cocinero m. cook
coche m. coach, carriage
colectivo, -a collective
colegio m. school, college
colocar place
Colombina f. Columbine see page 119
color m. color
coma f. comma
combatir fight, struggle
combinar combine, unite
comedia f. comedy;
— del Arte see page 118;
Teatro de la Comedia see page 107
comedido, -a moderate, considerate, courteous
comedor m. dining room
comenzar begin
comer eat
comerciante m. merchant, trader
cometer commit
comida f. dinner
comisionar commission
como like, as, since;
— + subj. if, provided that;
así — just like;
el modo — the way in which;
— que seeing that;
— si as if;
tanto (...) — as much as, as well as, the same as
¿cómo? how? what?
comodidad f. comfort
compañero m. companion
compañía f. company;
señora de — companion
comparar compare
compartir share
compasión f. compassion, pity
complacer please
completo, -a complete
cómplice m. accomplice
compondrá see componer
componer compose, write; fix up, arrange
comprar buy
comprender understand, comprehend; include, comprise;
todo comprendido everything included
comprometer compromise;
—se a bind oneself to
compromiso m. compromise, obligation, engagement
compuse see componer
común common
comunicar communicate
comunidad f. community, family
comúnmente commonly
con with, by, on account of;
— + inf. by, although, on account of;
— que so;
— que + subj. provided, if only;
for meanings in various expressions, see Notes and other headings in this vocabulary
concebir conceive
conceder concede, grant
concepción f. conception
concepto m. conception, idea, thought, opinion
concesión f. concession
conciencia f. conscience, consciousness
concluir end, finish, complete;
— por end by;
asunto concluido the matter is settled
concurso m. gathering
condenar condemn
condición f. condition, position, rank, lot, fate, quality
conducir conduct, take
conducta f. conduct, behavior
conferencia f. conference
conferenciar have a conference
confesar confess
confianza f. confidence, trust
confiar confide, trust;
— en confide in, trust in
confieso see confesar
conflicto m. conflict
conforme alike;
estar — be agreed, agree
confortar comfort
confundir confound, confuse
confusión f. confusion
Congreso m. House (corresponding approximately to House of Representatives in the United States)
conjunto m. whole, ensemble, tout ensemble
conjurar, conspire, plot;
conjurado, -a in league, in conspiracy
conmigo with me
conmover move, affect, soften
conmueve see conmover
conocedor m. knower, one who understands, expert
conocer know, be acquainted with, meet, comprehend;
— a fondo know thoroughly;
¡cómo se conoce! how easy it is to see!
conocimiento m. knowledge, understanding
conozcamos see conocer
conozco see conocer
conquista f. conquest
conquistar conquer, gain
consagración f. consecration, place of honor
consagrar dedicate
conseguir obtain;
— + inf. succeed in, manage to;
— que bring it about that, manage that
consejo m. advice;
prop. n. Council, Cabinet
consentimiento m. consent
consentir consent, allow;
— en consent or agree to
considerando see note [85.3]
considerar consider
consiente see consentir
consigo with himself, with him
consigo see conseguir
consigu-e, -en see conseguir
consintiera see consentir
conspiración f. conspiracy
constar be clear, be evident; be recorded, be entered
constituir constitute, form, make up;
constituido por made up of
constituy-e, -en see constituir
contante counting;
moneda — ready money, cash
contar count; tell, relate;
— con depend upon, rely upon, have at one's disposal, possess, enjoy;
no — por nada count as nothing;
sin — para nada con without taking any account of
contemplar contemplate
contemporáneo, -a contemporary
contener contain, hold, hold back, restrain, check, stop
contentar content, satisfy, please;
—se be satisfied, be pleased
contento, -a glad, pleased, satisfied;
— de pleased with
contestación f. reply
contestar answer, reply
contigo with you
continuar continue
contra against;
atreverse — dare to oppose;
en — suya against him;
votar en — vote against it, vote on the other side
contradicción f. contradiction;
en — con in contradiction with, out of touch with
contradictorio, -a de contradictory to
contrariar contradict, oppose, thwart, vex
contrario, -a contrary, opposite;
al — on the contrary;
llevar la contraria a run counter to, oppose
contratación f. trade, enterprise;
lonja de — produce exchange
contratar contract, give a position to, engage
contribuir contribute
contrincante m. rival, opponent
convencer convince
conveniencia f. expedience, utility
convenir suit, be fitting, be proper, be helpful, be good, be pleasing, must;
conviene ocultarte we must hide you
conversación f. conversation
conversador m. conversationalist
conversar converse
convertir convert, change
convicción f. conviction
convidado m. guest
convien-e, -en see convenir
conviniera see convenir
coquetear flirt
corazón m. heart
cordelillo m. (dim. of cordel) cord, small rope
correr run, hurry;
— con take care of, be responsible for;
— tierras rove over the world;
a mi cargo corre it is my affair or duty;
corre de su cuenta it is at his expense
correspondencia f. correspondence, mail
corresponder correspond, respond, reciprocate, return;
belong, be suitable, be proper, be fitting
corriente current, ordinary
corrillo m. (dim. of corro) group
corte f. court, retinue, train;
Cortes Parliament, Congress (Senate and House of Spain)
cortés courteous
cortesano m. courtier
cortesía f. courtesy;
—s acts of courtesy, favors
corto, -a short;
— de vista shortsighted, nearsighted
cosa f. thing, matter, object
cosmopolita cosmopolitan
costa f. cost, expense
costar cost
costilla f. rib
costumbre f. custom, habit
creación f. creation
crear create, establish;
intereses creados see page 117
crecer grow, increase
crecimiento m. growth, increase
credencial f. credential
crédito m. credit, money accredited, note;
esteem, reputation, confidence;
carta de — letter of credit, credential;
—s extraordinarios extraordinary credits;
persona de — person of good character, responsible person;
hacer — a give credit to
creer believe, think;
— + inf. expect;
—se en el caso de think oneself called upon to;
¡no creas! don't you believe it! you mustn't think it!
¡ya lo creo! yes indeed!
creyendo see creer
creyera see creer
creyésemos see creer
criada f. servant, maid
criado m. servant
criar raise, bring up
crimen m. crime
crisis f. crisis
Crispín m. see page 119
crítica f. criticism
cromo m. chromo
crónica f. chronicle;
— de sociedad society news
cronista m. chronicler;
— de salones society reporter
cruel cruel
cuadro m. picture;
division (of a play), scene
cual like, as;
el, la —, los, las —es who, which
¿cuál? which? what? which one?
cualidad f. quality, good quality
cualquier(a) adj. any, any whatever, whatever, any at all;
de — modo in any case, however, in any fashion, any old way;
de — modo que sea in whatever manner or however it may be
cualquiera pron. anybody, any one, anybody at all;
whatever, whoever;
— que sea el favorecido whoever the favored one may be
cuando when;
de — en — from time to time;
de vez en — from time to time
¿cuándo? when?
cuanto, -a how much, as much, all that, whatever, anything that;
—s how many, as many, all that, whoever;
en — as soon as;
en — a as for;
unos —s some, certain
¿cuánto, -a? how much?
¿—s? how many?
¡— me alegro! how glad I am!
¡cuántas veces! how often!
cuarenta forty
cuarto m. room
cuatro four
cubrir cover
cuello m. neck, throat
cuenta f. account, affair;
bill, note;
a mejor — with better expectations;
corre de su — it is at his expense;
pedir — ask for an account;
por tu — on your own account, for yourself;
tomar por su — take upon oneself, take charge of;
tener — bear in mind;
tener en — take into consideration
cuenta see contar
cuento m. tale, story;
— de hadas fairy tale
cuesta see costar
cuestión f. question
cuidado m. care, attention, anxiety;
haber — feel anxiety, worry;
pasar — worry;
quedar en — be anxious;
tener — take care, be careful;
tener mucho — be very careful
cuidadoso, -a careful
cuidar care;
— de take care of
culpa f. fault, blame
culpable guilty;
los —s the guilty persons, the culprits
culpar blame
culto, -a cultivated
cultura f. culture, cultivation, refinement
cumbre f. summit, prime
cumplimiento m. fulfillment, accomplishment
cumplir fulfill, accomplish;
perform one's duty;
— con carry out, fulfill;
— los veinte años reach the age of twenty years
curar cure
curia f. tribunal, bar, legal profession;
protocolo de — legal document
curiosidad f. curiosity
cursi pretentious, vulgar
cursilería f. pretentiousness, vulgarity, piece of vulgarity
cuyo, -a whose

Ch

chafar rumple, cut short, spite
chaleco m. vest;
— de frac dress vest;
— de fantasía fancy vest
chic m. (Fr.) style, elegance
chifladura f. fancy, whim, notion
chiquillo m. (dim. of chico) boy, little boy;
—s little children
¡chist! hush! sh!
¡chito! hush! sh!
¡chits! hush! sh!
chochear dote, be in one's dotage

D

daca (da + acá) give here;
toma y — give and take
dama f. lady
danzar dance
dañino, -a harmful, injurious;
viejo — old trouble maker
dar give, attribute;
cause, excite;
take;
inflict, hit, strike;
— armas a give arms to, give a handle to, play into the hands of;
— la batalla start the battle or struggle, cast the die;
— con come upon, find;
— con nosotros en put us in;
— a conocer let know, make understand, show;
— en fall upon, chance upon;
take a notion to, happen to;
— un estirón take a sudden start in growth, shoot up suddenly;
— frente a face;
— guerra cause trouble;
— lugar a give rise to, cause, give an opportunity to;
— muerte a kill;
— su parte a give (something) its due, recognize the importance of (something);
— un paso take a step;
— de plano strike directly, hit squarely;
— tregua a give a rest to, stop using;
—se aires put on airs;
da la casualidad chance has it, it happens by chance;
me da una lástima it makes me feel sorry;
lo mismo da it's all the same, it makes no difference;
¿qué le dio? what struck him? what's the matter with him?
Dario see note [93.2]
de of, from, by, with, in, at, to, than;
for meanings of numerous phrases and expressions containing de see Notes and other headings in this vocabulary
debajo de under, beneath
deber m. duty;
see below
deber owe;
be obliged to, be about to, be (destined) to, have to, must, ought;
— de must: see above
debidamente justly, duly, properly, in due form
debido, -a due, rightful, proper
débil weak
debilidad f. weakness
decidir decide, settle;
— de decide, determine;
—se a decide to
decir say, tell;
— (muy) bien speak (very) sensibly;
es — that is to say;
— que no say or tell no;
querer — mean;
—se perjudicado call oneself injured;
digo I mean;
no digas don't contradict;
¡no se diga! there's no denying it, there's no use talking!
no dirás you can't say
declarar declare
decoro m. decorum, propriety
dedicar dedicate
dediqué see dedicar
dedo m. finger
defectillo m. (dim. of defecto) slight fault, slight defect, peccadillo
defecto m. defect, fault
defender defend, support
defiend-o, -e see defender
dejar leave, abandon, put down;
let, allow;
cease, stop;
— mal disappoint;
— de cease, stop;
fail;
—se de cease, stop;
dejadnos de spare us
delante in front
delicadeza f. delicacy, refinement;
—s refinements, delicacy
delicado, -a delicate
delincuente delinquent, guilty
delito m. fault, crime
demanda f. demand, request;
en — de calling for
demarcar mark out, define
demás rest, other;
los — the rest, the others, others
demasiado too, too much, more than enough
demonio m. demon
demora f. delay
dentro inside, within
deponer depose, give testimony
depositar deposit
depósito m. deposit
derecho m. right, law;
fee;
—s de justicia court fees
derecho, -a right;
a la derecha, la primera derecha, la segunda derecha see note [39.1]
desabrido, -a insipid, sour, sharp, short
desagradable disagreeable
desagradar displease, offend
desahogo m. unbosoming, freedom, frankness
desairado, -a graceless
desaire m. slight, rebuff, awkwardness, unpleasantness
desaparecer disappear
desarrollar develop;
—se be developed, develop
desarrugar unwrinkle, smooth out
desatento, -a rude, impolite
descanso m. rest, repose
descargar discharge, administer, strike (a blow)
descargues see descargar
descender descend
desciende see descender
descolgar unhang, take down;
—se con come out with
descolorido, -a discolored
descomedido, -a immoderate, rude
descomponer disarrange, break off
descompuesto see descomponer
desconfiado, -a distrustful
desconfianza f. distrust, mistrust
desconocer fail to recognize
desconozco see desconocer
desconsiderado, -a inconsiderate, thoughtless
descorrer draw (a curtain)
descortesía f. discourtesy
descosido m. rip, tear
descripción f. description
descubierto see descubrir
descubrir discover, disclose, unmask, find out;
a lo que se descubre as far as we can see
descuelga see descolgar
descuidado, -a careless, carefree;
ir — go without worrying, not worry
descuidar make oneself easy, not worry;
—se be careless or negligent
desde prep. since, from;
— ahora from now on;
— hoy from this day on, from now on;
— que conj. since
desdeñar disdain, scorn
desdicha f. misfortune
desdichado, -a unfortunate, unhappy
desdoblar unfold
desear desire, wish, want
desengaño m. disillusionment
deseo m. desire, wish
desesperado, -a desperate, despairing;
a la desesperada desperately, in despair
desgraciado, -a unfortunate, unhappy
deshacerse de free oneself from, get rid of
desheredar disinherit
desistir desist, refrain;
el — de tu dimisión the abandonment of your resignation
deslucido, -a tarnished, impaired;
see deslucir
deslucir discredit, bring discredit;
— con el mundo bring discredit in the eyes of the world;
see deslucido
deslumbrar dazzle
desmayado, -a fainted away, fainting, unconscious
desoír not heed;
—se be unheeded
desoyeron see desoír
despacio slowly;
más — later, at greater leisure
despacho m. office
despedir dismiss, send off;
—se take leave, say good-by;
—se de take leave of, say good-by to
despejar clear, clear away
despertar awaken;
n. awakening
despida see despedir
despreciable despicable, contemptible;
¡—! contemptible fellow!
despreciar despise
desprenderse de dispossess oneself of, give up, get rid of
despreocupado, -a easy, unconventional
después adv. afterwards, then, next;
— de prep. after;
— de todo after all
desquitarse retaliate, take revenge, get even
destemplanza f. immoderation, excess
destinar destine, intend, mean
destino m. destiny, fate
destreza f. skill, dexterity
destrozar destroy, break
destrucción f. destruction
desvelado, -a wakeful
desvergonzada f. shameless girl
desvergonzado m. shameless fellow
desvergüenza f. shamelessness
desvivirse outdo oneself, desire anxiously
detalle m. detail
detendrá see detener
detiene see detener
detener stop;
—se stop
determinar determine, fix
detrás adv. behind;
— de prep. behind
di (imper.) see decir
d-i, -iste, -ió, -ieron see dar
día m. day;
al — siguiente on the following day;
en estos —s in these days, at the present time
diablo m. devil
diamante m. diamond
diario, -a daily
diatriba f. diatribe
diccionario m. dictionary
dic-es, -e, -en see decir
diciembre m. December
diciendo see decir
dicha f. happiness
dicho m. saying
dicho, -a said, the said;
—s the same (characters who remain on the stage for two or more scenes)
dicho see decir
dichoso, -a happy, fortunate;
blessed (ironical)
diente m. tooth
dieron see dar
diez ten
diferencia f. difference
difícil difficult, hard
dificultad f. difficulty
dig-as, -a, -áis see decir
dignarse deign, condescend
dignidad f. dignity
digno, -a worthy
digo see decir
dij-e, -iste, -o, -eron see decir
dile (di [from decir] + le)
dilucidar elucidate, explain
dime (di [from decir] + me)
dimisión f. resignation
dimitir resign
dineral m. large sum of money, fortune
dinero m. money
dio see dar
diputado m. deputy
dir-é, -ás, -á, -éis, -án see decir
dirección f. direction, tendency
directo, -a direct
dir-ía, -íais, -ían see decir
dirigir direct, guide;
—la palabra a address;
—se direct one's steps, go towards
discreción f. discretion, prudence
discreto, -a discreet, considerate, ingenious;
andar — be considerate
discurrir reflect, reason
discurso m. speech
discutir discuss
disfrutar de enjoy
disgustar displease
disgusto m. displeasure, offense, slight, annoyance
disimular conceal
disparatado, -a absurd, silly, mad
disparate m. nonsense, absurdity
disparo m. firing, discharge (of guns)
disponer arrange, settle;
— de dispose of;
—se a prepare to, get ready to
disponga see disponer
dispuesto, -a prepared, ready
diste see dar
distingo see distinguir
distinguir distinguish, esteem, recognize
distinto, -a distinct, different, distinguished
distraer distract;
—se obtain distraction
distrajo see distraer
ditirambo m. dithyramb
diverso, -a diverse, different
divertido, -a amusing;
see divertir
divertir amuse;
—se amuse oneself, have a good time;
see divertido
divierte see divertir
divino, -a divine
doce twelve
docena f. dozen
docto, -a learned
doctor m. doctor;
— jurista doctor of law
doctrina f. doctrine
doler hurt, ache;
—se de regret, be sorry for;
see doliente
doliente suffering;
hacerse del — pretend to be suffering;
see doler
dolo m. fraud, trickery
dominar dominate, prevail
Don Mr. usually not translated (used before Christian name)
donación f. donation
donaire m. grace, elegance, witticism
doncella f. girl, maiden;
servant, maid
donde where;
hasta — as far as
¿dónde? where?
¿de —? from where? whence?
¿hasta —? how far?
Doña Mrs.; usually not translated (used before Christian name)
dos two;
los — the two, both
doscientos, -as two hundred
dosel m. canopy
dotar portion, endow, give a dowry to
dote f. dowry
doy see dar
drama m. drama
dramático, -a dramatic
duda f. doubt;
sin — alguna without any doubt
dudar doubt;
— de doubt;
— en hesitate to
dueño m. master
dulce sweet, soft, gentle
dulcemente sweetly, softly, gently
dulcificar sweeten, soften
dulzura f. sweetness, softness
durante during
durar endure, last
duro, -a hard, harsh, severe

E

e (before i and hi) and
¡Ea! oh! (interj. used to express surprise or to arouse attention)
echar throw, throw out, dismiss;
—lo a broma make a joke of it;
— encima a throw over, throw on, throw on top of
edad f. age;
tener más — be older
edición f. edition
educar educate, bring up;
educado well-bred;
mal educado ill-bred
efectivo, -a effective, real;
algo — something substantial, some cash
efecto m. effect
eficacia f. efficacy, usefulness
eficaz efficacious, effective
¡eh! eh! here! oh!
ejecutoria f. pedigree
ejemplar exemplary
ejemplo m. example, instance;
por — for example, for instance
ejercicio m. exercise
ejército m. army
el, la, lo, los, las the;
— de the one with;
— que he who, the one who or which, etc.;
who, which, that;
— mío, — tuyo, etc., see mío, tuyo, etc.
él he, him, it
elegancia f. elegance
elegante elegant, stylish, fetching
elegir elect, choose, select
elevado, -a elevated, lofty, high;
see elevar
elevar elevate, heighten, raise;
see elevado
elogiar eulogize, praise
elogio m. eulogy, praise
ella she, her, it
ellas f. they, them
ello it
ellos m. they, them
embajada f. embassy
embajador m. ambassador
embargar attach, seize
embargo, sin however, yet, nevertheless
embobar amuse, fascinate
embrollo m. embroilment, entanglement, confusion
embuste m. lie, falsehood, fraud
Emilia f. Emily
Emiliano see note [94.3]
empanada f. meat pie;
— de gato cat pie (in derision)
empañar tarnish, stain
emparentar become related by marriage
empecemos see empezar
empeñar pledge;
—se bind oneself (to pay a debt), go into debt;
—se en insist upon, persist in
empeño m. eagerness, effort, determination;
poner uno todo su — direct all one's efforts
empezar begin, commence
empiece see empezar
empiez-a, -an see empezar
emplear employ, use;
—se busy oneself
empleo m. employment, calling, office
empresario m. (theatrical) impresario, manager
empujar push
en in, into, on, upon, at, about, to;
for meanings of numerous expressions containing en see Notes and other headings in this vocabulary
enamoradillo, -a (dim. of enamorado, -a) slightly in love, mildly smitten
enamorado, -a enamored, in love, lover;
— de in love with;
see enamorar
enamorar enamor, inspire love in;
—se de fall in love with
encantador m. enchanter, magician
encantador, -a enchanting, charming, delightful
encantar enchant, charm, delight
encanto m. enchantment, charm
encargo m. order;
por — de by order of
encarnar take shape
encendido, -a burning, on fire
encerrar shut in
encima adv. above, on top;
echar — a throw over, throw on, throw on top of;
— de prep. on top of, above
encomendar commend, commit, intrust
encontrar meet, find
encuentra see encontrar
encumbrar raise, lift
endiablado, -a diabolical, devilish
enemigo m. enemy
enemigo, -a hostile
enfadar anger;
—se con get angry at
engañar deceive, impose upon, cheat;
—se deceive oneself, make a mistake, be wrong
engaño m. deceit, deception, mistake
enhoramala in an evil hour;
cásense — let them marry, bad luck to them
enojar annoy, vex, anger;
—se be vexed, get angry
enojoso, -a annoying, irritating
enorgullecerse swell (up) with pride, feel proud
enorme enormous, huge
enredo m. entanglement, trick, plot
ensanchar broaden, widen
enseñanza f. teaching
enseñar teach, show
entender understand, believe, conceive;
— en be in charge of, have a hand in;
—se understand each other or one another, come to an understanding
entendimiento m. intelligence, comprehension, intellect
enterar inform, acquaint;
—se find out;
—se de que find out that;
ya estás enterado now you know
entero, -a entire, whole;
por — entirely
entiend-o, -es see entender
entonces then, at that time;
de — of or belonging to that time
entrada f. entry, entrance
entrar enter, go in;
—se enter
entre between, among, in the midst of
entregar give, hand, deliver, give up
entretanto meanwhile
entrevista f. interview
entristecer sadden
entusiasmado, -a filled with enthusiasm, enthusiastic
entusiasmo m. enthusiasm
enumerar enumerate
envejecer grow old
enviar send
envidia f. envy;
tener — a be envious or jealous of
envidiar envy
envío m. sending, shipment
enviudar become a widower or widow
envolver envelop
epitalamio m. epithalamium, marriage song
época f. epoch, age
equidad f. equity
equitas (Lat.) see note [100.2]
equivocación f. mistake
equivocar mistake;
—se be mistaken;
sigues equivocado you are still mistaken
er-a, -as, -an see ser
eres see ser
errante wandering, vagabond
error m. error, mistake
es see ser
escalera f. stairs, stairway;
— de servicio back stairs
escalón m. step (of a stair), stepping-stone
escapar escape
escarmentar take warning, give warning, admonish
escena f. scene, stage
escisión f. division
escoger choose, select
escoltar escort, conduct
esconder hide;
—se hide
escote m. décolleté, low-neck dress
escribir write
escrito see escribir
escritor m. writer
escrúpulo m. scruple
escrupuloso, -a scrupulous;
de puro — out of pure scrupulousness or conscientiousness
escuchar listen, listen to
escudo m. crown (a coin no longer in use)
escuela f. school
ese, esa that;
esos, esas those;
por esos mares on the high seas
ése, ésa, eso, that one, that;
ésos, ésas, those;
¡eso, eso! just that! exactly so!
eso es that's it;
¿no es eso? isn't that so?
si eso fuera if that were the case;
¡eso no! not that!
por eso therefore, for that reason;
por eso mismo, for that very reason;
eso que although, even though;
eso sí yes indeed;
eso sí que no certainly not that;
llegar a eso come to that, go so far
esencial essential, necessary
esfuerzo m. effort, exertion, spirit
eso see ése
espacioso, -a spacious
espada f. sword
espadachín m. (swaggering) swordsman, bully, ruffian, bravo
espalda f. back, shoulder
espantar frighten;
—se be frightened or startled, take fright
España f. Spain
español m. Spaniard
español, -a Spanish;
el — Spanish (the language)
especialidad f. special quality, specialty
especialmente especially
espectáculo m. spectacle
espera f. wait, waiting, expectation;
en — de in expectation of, in the hope of
esperanza f. hope
esperar hope, expect, await, wait
espetado, -a stiff, haughty, majestic
espíritu m. spirit, heart, soul, mind
espiritual spiritual
esplendidez f. splendor
espléndido, -a splendid
esposa f. wife
esposo m. husband
est (Lat.) see note [100.2]
estado m. state, estate, position
estafermo m. loiterer, idler, graven image
estar be;
— de acuerdo be agreed, agree;
— sin blanca be penniless;
— conforme con agree with;
— de más be in the way or objectionable;
— para be about to, be in a position to or for;
— para burlas be in a mood for jokes;
— por be inclined toward, have a liking for;
— a punto de be on the point of;
— en su punto be at its height;
— de visita be paying a visit, be calling;
—se stand, stay;
bien os está por you're in a fine fix for
este, esta this;
estos, estas these
éste, ésta, esto, this one, this;
éstos, éstas, these;
los fines de éste [estudio] the purposes thereof;
esto es this is or that is;
esto otro this other thing
estético, -a aesthetic
estilo m. style
estimación f. (high) estimation, esteem
estimar esteem, value;
—se en value oneself at
estipendio m. stipend
estirón m. strong pull;
rapid growth;
dar un — take a sudden start in growth, shoot up suddenly
estirpe f. race, stock, lineage
estival of summer, relating to the summer, summer...
esto see éste
estofa f. quality, condition
estofado, -a stewed
estorbar impede, disturb, obstruct
estorbo m. obstruction
estoy see estar
estrambote m. a tag of two or more verses appended to a sonnet for humorous or graceful effect
estratagema f. stratagem, trick
estrechez f. poverty
estrella f. star
estrenar present for the first time (used especially of a theatrical performance)
estudiante m. student
estudiar study, consider
estudio m. study
estuv-iera, -iéramos see estar
estuv-iste, -o, -ieron see estar
eternidad f. eternity
eterno, -a eternal
europeo, -a European
evidencia f. evidence;
poner en — make clear, make known, demonstrate, set forth
evidente evident
evitar avoid, escape
exacto, -a exact, precise, accurate
exagerar exaggerate
exaltación f. exaltation, fervor
exceder exceed, surpass
excelente excellent
excelso, -a elevated, lofty
excepcional exceptional
exceso m. excess;
por — through or by excess
exclusión f. exclusion
exclusivamente exclusively
excusar excuse, avoid
exigir exact, require, demand
existencia f. existence
existir exist
éxito m. success
experiencia f. experience
experto -a expert
explicar explain;
—se understand
exponer expose, show, disclose;
es expuesto that's evident
expongo see exponer
expositivo, -a explanatory
expresar express
expresión f. expression
expresivo, -a expressive
expuesto see exponer
expuso see exponer
extenso, -a extensive
extrañar wonder at, be surprised at
extraño, -a strange
extraordinario, -a extraordinary, unusual;
créditos —s extraordinary credits
extraviado, -a gone astray, lost, wayward
extremar carry to an extreme, exaggerate