CHAPTER IV.—CHRISTMAS IN LITURGY AND POPULAR DEVOTION
[ 1 .] Translation, “Creator of the starry height,” in “Hymns A. and M.” (Ordinary Edition), No. 45.
[ 2 .] J. Dowden, “The Church Year and Kalendar” (Cambridge, 1910), 76 f.
[ 3 .] “Rational ou Manuel des divins Offices de Guillaume Durand, Évèque de Mende au treizième siècle,” traduit par M. C. Barthélemy (Paris, 1854), iii. 155 f.
[ 4 .] See translation of the Great O's in “The English Hymnal,” No. 734.
[ 5 .] Barthélemy, iii. 220 f.
[ 6 .] D. Rock, “The Church of Our Fathers” (London, 1853), vol. iii. pt. ii. 214.
[ 7 .] J. K. Huysmans, “L'Oblat” (Paris, 1903), 194.
[ 8 .] Gastoué, 44 f.
[ 9 .] E. G. C. F. Atchley, “Ordo Romanus Primus” (London, 1905), 71.
[ 10.] “The Pilgrimage of S. Silvia of Aquitaine” (Eng. Trans. by J. H. Bernard, London, 1891), 50 f.
[ 11.] S. D. Ferriman in “The Daily News,” Dec. 25, 1911.
[ 12.] G. Bonaccorsi, “Il Natale: appunti d'esegesi e di storia” (Rome, 1903), 73.
[ 13.] Gastoué, 41 f.
[ 14.] Bonaccorsi, 75.
[ 15.] H. Malleson and M. A. R. Tuker, “Handbook to Christian and Ecclesiastical Rome” (London, 1897), pt. ii. 211.
[ 16.] Th. Bentzon, “Christmas In France” in “The Century Magazine” (New York), Dec., 1901, 170 f.
[ 17.] L. von Hörmann, “Tiroler Volksleben” (Stuttgart, 1909), 232.
[ 18.] M. J. Quin, “A Visit to Spain” (2nd Edition, London, 1824), 126 f.
[ 19.] “Madrid in 1835,” by a Resident Officer (London, 1836), i. 395 f.
[ 20.] W. S. Walsh, “Curiosities of Popular Customs” (London, 1898), 237.
[ 21.] G. Pitrè, “Spettacoli e feste popolari siciliane” (Palermo, 1880), 444.
[ 22.] Tille, “D. W.,” 70 f.
[ 23.] F. H. Woods, “Sweden and Norway” (London, 1882), 209; L. Lloyd, “Peasant Life in Sweden” (London, 1870), 201 f.
[ 24.] J. E. Vaux, “Church Folklore” (London, 1894), 222 f.
[ 25.] M. Trevelyan, “Folk-Lore and Folk-Stories of Wales” (London, 1909), 28.
[ 26.] Vaux, 262 f.
[ 27.] R. F. Littledale, “Offices from the Service-Books of the Holy Eastern Church” (London, 1863), 174 f.
[ 28.] [Sir] A. J. Evans, “Christmas and Ancestor Worship in the Black Mountain,” in “Macmillan's Magazine” (London), vol. xliii., 1881, 228.
[ 29.] Duchesne, 273.
[ 30.] Chambers, “M. S.,” i. 245.
[ 31.] “The Roman Breviary,” translated by John, Marquess of Bute (New Edition Edinburgh and London, 1908), 186.
[ 32.] See announcement in “The Roman Mail” in Jan., 1912.[368]
[ 33.] Mary Hamilton, “Greek Saints and their Festivals” (London, 1910), 113 f.
[ 34.] H. Holloway, “An Eastern Epiphany Service” in “Pax” (the Magazine of the Caldey Island Benedictines), Dec., 1910.
[ 35.] Hamilton, 119 f.
[ 36.] Holloway, as above.
[ 37.] F. H. E. Palmer, “Russian Life in Town and Country” (London, 1901), 176 f.
[ 38.] Thomas of Celano, trans. by Howell, 82 f.
[ 39.] Countess Martinengo-Cesaresco, “Puer Parvulus” in “The Outdoor Life in the Greek and Roman Poets” (London, 1911), 248.
[ 40.] Chambers, “M. S.,” ii. 41.
[ 41.] Bonaccorsi, 85; Usener, 298.
[ 42.] Usener, 290.
[ 43.] Ibid. 295, 299.
[ 44.] Rietschel, 55.
[ 45.] Ibid. 56 f.
[ 46.] Ibid. 60.
[ 47.] Ibid. 69 f.; Tille, “D. W.,” 59 f.
[ 48.] Music from Trier “Gesangbuch” (1911), No. 18, where a very much weakened text is given. Text from Weinhold, 114. Another form of the air is given in “The Cowley Carol Book,” No. 36.
[ 49.] Text and music in Massé, i. 6.
[ 50.] Tille, “D. W.,” 60.
[ 51.] Ibid. 61 f.
[ 52.] Ibid. 63.
[ 53.] Thomas Naogeorgus, “The Popish Kingdome,” Englyshed by Barnabe Googe, 1570 (ed. by R. C. Hope, London, 1880), 45.
[ 54.] Tille, “D. W.,” 68.
[ 55.] Ibid. 68.
[ 56.] Hörmann, “Tiroler Volksleben,” 235.
[ 57.] Ibid. 235.
[ 58.] Tille, “D. W.,” 64.
[ 59.] Rietschel, 75.
[ 60.] Martinengo, “Outdoor Life,” 249.
[ 61.] Lady Morgan, “Italy” (New Edition, London, 1821), iii. 72.
[ 62.] Matilde Serao, “La Madonna e i Santi” (Naples, 1902), 223 f.
[ 63.] L. Caico, “Sicilian Ways and Days” (London, 1910), 192 f.
[ 64.] Information kindly given to the author by Mrs. C. G. Crump.
[ 65.] Information derived by the author from a resident in Messina.
[ 66.] Serao, see Note 62.
[ 67.] W. H. D. Rouse, “Religious Tableaux in Italian Churches,” in “Folk-Lore” (London), vol. v., 1894, 6 f.
[ 68.] Morgan, iii. 76 f.
[ 69.] Bonaccorsi, 45 f.
[ 70.] A. J. C. Hare, “Walks in Rome” (11th Edition, London, 1883), 157.
[ 71.] Martinengo, “Outdoor Life,” 253; Bonaccorsi, 110 f.; R. Ellis Roberts, “A Roman Pilgrimage” (London, 1911), 185 f.
[ 72.] H. J. Rose, “Untrodden Spain” (London, 1875), 276.
[ 73.] See Note 18 to Chapter III.[369]
[ 74.] T. F. Thiselton Dyer, “British Popular Customs” (London, 1876), 464.
[ 75.] Vaux, 216.
[ 76.] Dyer, 464.
[ 77.] Cf. Chambers, “M. S.,” i. 120.